Document


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
  
 
FORM 8-K
  
 

CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): November 1, 2016
 
 

BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
  
 
 
Delaware
 
001-35780
 
80-0188269
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
 
(Commission
File Number)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
 
200 Talcott Avenue South
Watertown, MA
 
02472
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (617) 673-8000
Not Applicable
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
 
 
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
¨
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
¨
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
¨
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 






Item 2.02
Results of Operations and Financial Condition
On November 1, 2016, Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. (the "Company") issued a press release announcing its financial results for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2016 and updated certain financial guidance for the full year 2016. A copy of the press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference.
The information contained in this Item, including Exhibit 99.1 attached hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for any purpose, and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, regardless of any general incorporation language in any such filing.

Item 9.01
Financial Statements and Exhibits
(d) Exhibits    
99.1 Press Release of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. dated November 1, 2016.






SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Elizabeth Boland
 
Name:
 
Elizabeth Boland
 
Title:
 
Chief Financial Officer
Date: November 1, 2016






EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibits
99.1 Press Release of Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. dated November 1, 2016.


Exhibit


Exhibit 99.1
Bright Horizons Family Solutions® Reports Third Quarter of 2016 Financial Results

WATERTOWN, MA, November 1, 2016 /PRNewswire/ — Bright Horizons Family Solutions® Inc. (NYSE: BFAM), a leading provider of high-quality child care, early education and other services designed to help employers and families better address the challenges of work and family life, today announced financial results for the third quarter of 2016 and updated certain financial guidance for the full year 2016.

Third Quarter 2016 Highlights (compared to third quarter 2015):
 
Revenue increased 5% to $384 million
Income from operations increased 7% to $45 million
Net income increased 9% to $23 million and diluted earnings per common share increased 12% to $0.37 per share

Non-GAAP measures
Adjusted income from operations* increased 7% to $45 million
Adjusted EBITDA* increased 8% to $70 million
Adjusted net income* increased 10% to $29 million and diluted adjusted earnings per common share* increased 14% to $0.49

“We are pleased to report strong financial results for the third quarter of 2016 which continue to reflect positive momentum across our suite of solutions,” said David Lissy, Chief Executive Officer.  “We continue to deliver solid financial results while providing our employer clients and the working families that we serve with the high quality, critical supports they need to maximize their productivity.”

“As our third annual Modern Family Index Report released last month showed, today’s generation of new moms is committed to growing her career while growing her family,” continued Lissy. “New parents, mothers and fathers alike, won’t hesitate to leave a job where they aren’t supported in order to find an employer that offers the family supports they need. We are proud to serve those companies that are committed to leading the way in supporting working parents, including the more than 80 of our clients honored last month among the 100 Best Companies by Working Mother magazine. I am also very proud that Bright Horizons was named a Best Workplace for Women by FORTUNE magazine this past September.”

Third Quarter 2016 Results

Revenue increased $18.0 million, or 5%, in the third quarter of 2016 from the third quarter of 2015 on contributions from new and ramping full-service child care centers, average price increases of 3-4%, and expanded sales of back-up dependent care and educational advisory services.

Income from operations was $44.7 million for the third quarter of 2016 compared to $41.7 million in the same 2015 period, an increase of $3.0 million, or 7%, primarily due to an increase in gross profit, partially offset by increases in selling, general and administrative expenses. The increase in gross profit and income from operations reflects operating leverage from enrollment gains in mature and ramping centers, contributions from new child care centers, back-up dependent care and educational advisory clients that have been added since the third quarter of 2015, and strong cost management, partially offset by the costs incurred during the ramp-up of certain new lease/consortium centers opened during 2015 and 2016, and ongoing investments in systems and personnel to support the delivery of our services. Net income was $22.5 million for the third quarter of 2016 compared to net income of $20.6 million in the same 2015 period, an increase of $1.9 million, or 9%, on the expanded income from operations. Diluted earnings per common share was $0.37 compared to $0.33 in the third quarter of 2015.

In the third quarter of 2016, adjusted EBITDA increased $5.0 million, or 8%, to $69.7 million, from the third quarter of 2015 due primarily to the expanded gross profit.  Adjusted net income increased by $2.8 million, or 10%, to $29.3 million on the expanded income from operations.  Diluted adjusted earnings per common share was $0.49 compared to $0.43 in the third quarter of 2015.




As of September 30, 2016, the Company operated 940 early care and education centers with the capacity to serve 108,000 children and families.
 
*Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, adjusted net income and diluted adjusted earnings per common share are non-GAAP measures.  Adjusted EBITDA represents earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, straight line rent expense, stock-based compensation expense, expenses related to secondary offerings and debt financing transactions, and expenses associated with completed acquisitions. Adjusted income from operations represents income from operations before expenses related to the completion of secondary offerings and debt financing transactions, and expenses associated with completed acquisitions. Adjusted net income represents net income determined in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for stock-based compensation expense, amortization expense, secondary offering expenses, debt financing transaction expenses, expenses associated with completed acquisitions and the income tax provision (benefit) thereon. Diluted adjusted earnings per common share is a non-GAAP measure, calculated using adjusted net income. These non-GAAP measures are more fully described and are reconciled from the respective measures determined under GAAP, in “Presentation of Non-GAAP Measures”
and the attached table “Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. Non-GAAP Reconciliations.”

Balance Sheet and Cash Flow

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company generated approximately $165.0 million of cash flows from operations compared to $142.3 million for the same period in 2015 and invested $72.8 million in fixed assets and acquisitions compared to $128.1 million in the same 2015 period.  Net cash used in financing activities totaled $83.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $80.5 million for the same 2015 period.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company's cash and cash equivalents increased $7.9 million to $19.5 million.

We are currently in the process of amending our credit agreement to take advantage of favorable credit markets to extend the term of our loan, improve our rates and terms and to create access to additional liquidity for strategic purposes as needed.  We expect to complete this process over the next week. 

2016 Outlook

As described below, the Company is updating certain financial guidance. For the full year 2016, the Company currently expects:
 
Overall revenue growth in 2016 in the range of approximately 7%
Adjusted EBITDA growth in 2016 in the range of 9-10%
Adjusted net income growth in 2016 in the range of 12-14%
Diluted adjusted earnings per common share growth in the range of 16-17%
Diluted weighted average shares of approximately 61 million shares

For a discussion of the non-GAAP financial guidance presented, see “Presentation of Non-GAAP Measures” below.

Conference Call

Bright Horizons Family Solutions will host an investor conference call today at 5:00 pm ET.  Interested parties are invited to listen to the conference call by dialing 1-877-407-9039 or, for international callers, 1-201-689-8470, and asking for the Bright Horizons Family Solutions conference call, moderated by Chief Executive Officer David Lissy.  Replays of the entire call will be available through November 15, 2016 at 1-844-512-2921 or, for international callers, at 1-412-317-6671, conference ID #13645948.  The webcast of the conference call, including replays, and a copy of this press release are also available through the Investor Relations section of the Company's web site, www.brighthorizons.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release includes statements that express the Company's opinions, expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or projections regarding future events or future results and therefore are, or may be deemed to be, "forward-looking statements." The Company's actual results may vary significantly from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements, which can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms "believes," "expects," "may," "will," "should," "seeks," "projects," "approximately," "intends," "plans," "estimates" or "anticipates," or, in each case, their negatives or other variations or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. They include statements regarding the Company's intentions, beliefs or current expectations concerning, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, prospects, growth, strategies, the




industries in which we and our partners operate, our service offerings, amending our credit agreement and its timing and terms, and our 2016 financial guidance. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. The Company believes that these risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, changes in the demand for child care and other dependent care services, including variation in enrollment trends and lower than expected demand from employer sponsor clients; the possibility that acquisitions may disrupt our operations and expose us to additional risk; our ability to pass on our increased costs; our indebtedness and the terms of such indebtedness; our ability to withstand seasonal fluctuations in the demand for our services; our ability to implement our growth strategies successfully; and other risks and uncertainties more fully described in the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 29, 2016, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the time of this release and we do not undertake to publicly update or revise them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Presentation of Non-GAAP Measures

In addition to the results provided in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP") throughout this press release, the Company has provided non-GAAP measurements - adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, adjusted net income and diluted adjusted earnings per common share - which present operating results on a basis adjusted for certain items.  The Company uses these non-GAAP measures as key performance indicators for the purpose of evaluating performance internally, and in connection with determining incentive compensation for Company management, including executive officers.  We also believe these non-GAAP measures provide investors with useful information with respect to our historical operations. These non-GAAP measures are not intended to replace, and should not be considered superior to, the presentation of our financial results in accordance with GAAP. The use of the terms adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, adjusted net income and diluted adjusted earnings per common share may differ from similar measures reported by other companies and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures.  Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted income from operations, adjusted net income and diluted adjusted earnings per common share are reconciled from the respective measures under GAAP in the attached table “Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. Non-GAAP Reconciliations."

Guidance for non-GAAP financial measures excludes stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, expenses related to the completion of secondary offerings and debt financing transactions, and expenses associated with completed acquisitions as well as tax effects associated with these items. The adjustments to income from operations, net income and diluted earnings per share in future periods are generally expected to be similar to the kinds of charges and costs excluded from adjusted income from operations, adjusted net income and adjusted diluted earnings per share in prior quarters. The exclusion of these charges and costs in future periods will have an impact on the Company’s adjusted income from operations, adjusted net income and adjusted diluted earnings per share. The Company is not able to provide a reconciliation of the Company’s non-GAAP financial guidance to the corresponding GAAP measures without unreasonable effort because of the inherent difficulty in forecasting and quantifying certain amounts necessary for such a reconciliation such as expenses associated with equity offerings, issuances of debt, amendments of credit arrangements and expenses associated with completed acquisitions, due to the uncertainty and variability of the nature and amount of these future charges and costs.

About Bright Horizons Family Solutions® Inc.

Bright Horizons Family Solutions® is a leading provider of high-quality child care, early education and other services designed to help employers and families better address the challenges of work and family life. The Company provides center-based full service child care, back-up dependent care and educational advisory services to more than 1,000 clients across the United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, Canada and India, including more than 150 FORTUNE 500 companies and more than 80 of Working Mother magazine's 2016 "100 Best Companies for Working Mothers."  Bright Horizons has been recognized sixteen times as one of FORTUNE magazine's "100 Best Companies to Work For" and is one of the UK's Best Workplaces as designated by the Great Place to Work® Institute. Bright Horizons is headquartered in Watertown, MA. The Company's web site is located at www.brighthorizons.com.




Contacts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investors:
 
 
 
Elizabeth Boland
 
 
 
CFO - Bright Horizons
 
 
 
eboland@brighthorizons.com
 
 
 
617-673-8125
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kevin Doherty
 
 
 
MD - Solebury Communications Group
 
 
 
kdoherty@soleburyir.com
 
 
 
203-428-3233
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Media:
 
 
 
Ilene Serpa
 
 
 
VP - Communications - Bright Horizons
 
 
 
iserpa@brighthorizons.com
 
 
 
617-673-8044
 
 
 




BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
%
 
2015
%
Revenue
$
383,929

100.0
 %
 
$
365,944

100.0
 %
Cost of services
292,457

76.2
 %
 
280,560

76.7
 %
Gross profit
91,472

23.8
 %
 
85,384

23.3
 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses
39,616

10.3
 %
 
36,419

10.0
 %
Amortization of intangible assets
7,141

1.9
 %
 
7,224

2.0
 %
Income from operations
44,715

11.6
 %
 
41,741

11.3
 %
Interest expense, net
(10,502
)
(2.7
)%
 
(10,330
)
(2.8
)%
Income before income taxes
34,213

8.9
 %
 
31,411

8.5
 %
Income tax expense
(11,703
)
(3.0
)%
 
(10,853
)
(3.0
)%
Net income
$
22,510

5.9
 %
 
$
20,558

5.5
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock—basic
$
0.38

 
 
$
0.34

 
Common stock—diluted
$
0.37

 
 
$
0.33

 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock—basic
58,928,264

 
 
60,290,842

 
Common stock—diluted
60,275,902

 
 
61,846,725

 







BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2016
%
 
2015
%
Revenue
$
1,171,304

100.0
 %
 
$
1,086,849

100.0
 %
Cost of services
879,673

75.1
 %
 
818,997

75.4
 %
Gross profit
291,631

24.9
 %
 
267,852

24.6
 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses
120,403

10.3
 %
 
110,154

10.1
 %
Amortization of intangible assets
21,338

1.8
 %
 
20,978

1.9
 %
Income from operations
149,890

12.8
 %
 
136,720

12.6
 %
Interest expense, net
(31,490
)
(2.7
)%
 
(30,714
)
(2.8
)%
Income before income taxes
118,400

10.1
 %
 
106,006

9.8
 %
Income tax expense
(40,760
)
(3.5
)%
 
(35,997
)
(3.3
)%
Net income
$
77,640

6.6
 %
 
$
70,009

6.5
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock—basic
$
1.30

 
 
$
1.14

 
Common stock—diluted
$
1.27

 
 
$
1.11

 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock—basic
59,326,525

 
 
61,112,263

 
Common stock—diluted
60,737,185

 
 
62,631,444

 






BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
September 30,
2016
 
December 31,
2015
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
19,484

 
$
11,539

Accounts receivable—net
83,175

 
97,295

Other current assets
43,487

 
43,879

Total current assets
146,146

 
152,713

Fixed assets—net
430,260

 
429,736

Goodwill
1,150,717

 
1,147,809

Other intangibles—net
372,095

 
389,331

Other assets
29,479

 
30,952

Total assets
$
2,128,697

 
$
2,150,541

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
9,550

 
$
9,550

Borrowings on revolving line of credit
30,000

 
24,000

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
113,136

 
114,776

Deferred revenue and other current liabilities
156,439

 
157,017

Total current liabilities
309,125

 
305,343

Long-term debt—net
900,358

 
905,661

Deferred income taxes
111,063

 
113,100

Other long-term liabilities
110,190

 
98,829

Total liabilities
1,430,736

 
1,422,933

Total stockholders’ equity
697,961

 
727,608

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,128,697

 
$
2,150,541







BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Net income
$
77,640

 
$
70,009

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
62,090

 
58,539

Stock-based compensation
8,476

 
6,900

Deferred income taxes
(4,729
)
 
5,263

Other non-cash adjustments, net
4,311

 
5,392

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
13,963

 
11,388

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
49

 
(19,267
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(1,814
)
 
16,380

Other, net
4,967

 
(12,341
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
164,953

 
142,263

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Purchases of fixed assets, net
(50,466
)
 
(61,415
)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(22,307
)
 
(66,636
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(72,773
)
 
(128,051
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
 
 
 
Line of credit, net
6,000

 
26,500

Principal payments of long-term debt
(7,163
)
 
(7,163
)
Payments for debt issuance costs
(1,002
)
 

Purchase of treasury stock
(95,677
)
 
(117,538
)
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of stock options
(7,747
)
 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of options
9,148

 
7,452

Proceeds from issuance of restricted stock
3,682

 
3,864

Payments of contingent consideration for acquisitions
(750
)
 

Tax benefit from stock-based compensation
10,484

 
6,379

Net cash used in financing activities
(83,025
)
 
(80,506
)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
(1,210
)
 
(199
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
7,945

 
(66,493
)
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period
11,539

 
87,886

Cash and cash equivalents—end of period
$
19,484

 
$
21,393









BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
SEGMENT INFORMATION
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
Full service
center-based
care
 
Back-up
dependent
care
 
Other
educational
advisory
services
 
Total
Three months ended September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
$
318,821

 
$
53,229

 
$
11,879

 
$
383,929

Amortization of intangible assets
6,586

 
411

 
144

 
7,141

Income from operations
28,107

 
14,183

 
2,425

 
44,715

Adjusted income from operations (1)
28,265

 
14,183

 
2,425

 
44,873

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
$
307,512

 
$
47,935

 
$
10,497

 
$
365,944

Amortization of intangible assets
6,899

 
181

 
144

 
7,224

Income from operations
24,414

 
14,082

 
3,245

 
41,741

Adjusted income from operations (2)
24,579

 
14,082

 
3,245

 
41,906

(1)
Adjusted income from operations represents income from operations excluding expenses incurred in connection with completed acquisitions.
(2)
Adjusted income from operations represents income from operations excluding expenses incurred in connection with secondary offerings and completed acquisitions.
 
Full service
center-based
care
 
Back-up
dependent
care
 
Other
educational
advisory
services
 
Total
Nine months ended September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
$
991,133

 
$
146,009

 
$
34,162

 
$
1,171,304

Amortization of intangible assets
20,133

 
773

 
432

 
21,338

Income from operations
101,584

 
41,741

 
6,565

 
149,890

Adjusted income from operations (1)
102,352

 
41,741

 
6,565

 
150,658

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
$
925,027

 
$
133,940

 
$
27,882

 
$
1,086,849

Amortization of intangible assets
20,003

 
543

 
432

 
20,978

Income from operations
89,012

 
42,083

 
5,625

 
136,720

Adjusted income from operations (2)
89,523

 
42,083

 
5,625

 
137,231


(1)
Adjusted income from operations represents income from operations excluding expenses incurred in connection with the January 2016 amendment to the Credit Agreement, completed acquisitions, and secondary offerings.
(2)
Adjusted income from operations represents income from operations excluding expenses incurred in connection with secondary offerings and completed acquisitions.











BRIGHT HORIZONS FAMILY SOLUTIONS INC.
NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
    
 
Three Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2016
 
2015
Net income
$
22,510

 
$
20,558

 
$
77,640

 
$
70,009

Interest expense, net
10,502

 
10,330

 
31,490

 
30,714

Income tax expense
11,703

 
10,853

 
40,760

 
35,997

Depreciation
13,858

 
12,649

 
40,752

 
37,561

Amortization of intangible assets (a)
7,141

 
7,224

 
21,338

 
20,978

EBITDA
65,714

 
61,614

 
211,980

 
195,259

Additional Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred rent (b)
984

 
650

 
1,614

 
2,304

Stock-based compensation expense (c)
2,830

 
2,300

 
8,476

 
6,900

Expenses related to stock offerings, the Credit Agreement amendment and completed acquisitions (d)
158


165

 
768

 
511

Total adjustments
3,972

 
3,115

 
10,858

 
9,715

Adjusted EBITDA
$
69,686

 
$
64,729

 
$
222,838

 
$
204,974

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from operations
$
44,715

 
$
41,741

 
$
149,890

 
$
136,720

Expenses related to stock offerings, the Credit Agreement amendment and completed acquisitions (d)
158

 
165

 
768

 
511

Adjusted income from operations
$
44,873

 
$
41,906

 
$
150,658

 
$
137,231

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
22,510

 
$
20,558

 
$
77,640

 
$
70,009

Income tax expense
11,703

 
10,853

 
40,760

 
35,997

Income before tax
34,213

 
31,411

 
118,400

 
106,006

Stock-based compensation expense (c)
2,830

 
2,300

 
8,476

 
6,900

Amortization of intangible assets (a)
7,141

 
7,224

 
21,338

 
20,978

Expenses related to stock offerings, the Credit Agreement amendment and completed acquisitions (d)
158

 
165

 
768

 
511

Adjusted income before tax
44,342

 
41,100

 
148,982

 
134,395

Adjusted income tax expense (e)
(15,076
)
 
(14,591
)
 
(51,700
)
 
(47,710
)
Adjusted net income
$
29,266

 
$
26,509

 
$
97,282

 
$
86,685

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of common shares—diluted
60,275,902

 
61,846,725

 
60,737,185

 
62,631,444

Diluted adjusted earnings per common share
$
0.49

 
$
0.43

 
$
1.60

 
$
1.38


(a)
Represents amortization of intangible assets, including approximately $4.5 million and $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $13.5 million and $14.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, associated with intangible assets recorded in connection with our going private transaction in May 2008.
(b)
Represents rent in excess of cash paid for rent, recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the lease in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 840, Leases.
(c)
Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense.
(d)
Represents costs incurred in connection with the January 2016 amendment to the Credit Agreement, completed acquisitions, and secondary offerings.
(e)
Represents income tax expense calculated on adjusted income before tax at the year to date effective rate of approximately 35% and 36%, respectively.